Learning Disabilities Report Organizing To Encourage Effective Direct Support - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1623 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Sociology Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Did you like this example? Learning disabilities report: organizing to encourage effective direct support The following report is based upon the experiences and perceptions of direct support (and of the social model of disability provision) of a particular person with learning disabilities: Mark. The experiences and perceptions in this case study are taken from interviews and discussions with Mark himself, with members of his family, and with his social workers and managers. The purpose of the report is to describe Marks experiences of social care under direct support and to compare these with the types of social work that he experienced before the introduction of direct support. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Learning Disabilities Report: Organizing To Encourage Effective Direct Support" essay for you Create order The report focuses upon Marks growing sense of empowerment, ability to help himself, and individuality that emerge from his experiences of direct support. Thus a major theme of this report is to examine how direct support assists people with learning disabilities to gain recognition as contributing members of the community. The report has the following structure: A (i). An analysis of the governments seminal white paper Valuing People: A New Strategy for Learning Disability for the 21st Century (DOH, 2001). This white paper was a momentous recognition by government of the social model of social provision, and it thrust direct support to the front of the governments strategy for learning disability. A discussion of this white paper allows an analysis of Marks own experiences of direct support: how successful it has been for him, how he perceives the changed attitudes of the social workers he works with how they now perceive their work differently now. (ii). This section also examines the notion of empowerment and the idea that people with learning disabilities must be recognized as contributing members of society also, rather than medical problems. (iii). The model, Organizing to Encourage Effective Direct Support, stresses the need to examine direct support from the perspectives of all involved: the person with learning disabil ities, his carers and also the government and managers who make decisions that affect him. This white paper then is a highly useful document for understanding the governments perspective and attitude to the needs of people with learning disabilities. B. An analysis of the biographical material furnished by Marks case study. Does his experience of direct support match that set out by the government in Valuing People? Which direct support schemes in this white paper has Mark benefited from? What are does he perceive the benefits of direct support to be in contrast to previous types of social care that he has experienced? How do those people who live and work with Mark perceive these changes? C. An analysis of three theoretical and practical existing models of disability provision moral, medical, social and Marks various experiences of these models. How does Mark experience the theory of social provision when it is put into practice? D. Conclusion. The report concludes w ith an examination of Marks future prospects working with direct support, and the future prospects of direct support itself A: Valuing People: A New Strategy for Learning Disability in the 21st Century A person-centred approach to planning means that planning should start with the individual (not with services), and take account of their wishes and aspirations. Person-centred-planning is a mechanism for reflecting the needs and preferences of a person with a learning disability. (Valuing People, 2001, p49) This quotation from the governments seminal white paper Valuing People: A New Strategy for Learning Disability for the 21st Century encapsulates the radically new ideas and ideals established by this document for the provision and practice of social work for people with learning disabilities. This white paper represented both an important official recognition of the validity of the social model of disability provision, and also a promise to implement its ideas and p hilosophy of learning difficulties, as had been advocated by social work practitioners and academics for some time. Thus this white paper was a significant move away from the medical model of disability provision that had held supremacy for most of recent healthcare history. As the above quotation suggests, this new approach to disability gives the individual far greater freedom to make decisions about his own future the philosophy is person-centred and individualized and, more than this, recognizes that people with learning difficulty have exactly the same rights and should have exactly the same opportunities as non-disabled people. The white paper acknowledges the new phenomenon of the empowerment of people with learning difficulties and suggests how empowerment can be extended amongst those with such difficulties. An analysis of this white paper is vital for any student with learning difficulties who seeks to analyse how direct support works in practice. Valuing Peop le established guidelines and proposed schemes that have to be met in practice, in the lives of people with learning disabilities. In the next section, this report looks at how this government model has been experienced by one particular person with learning difficulties: Mark. This present analysis focuses upon Chapter 4 of the white paper: More Choice and Control for People with Learning Disabilities. The introductory statement of this chapter sets the tone for the entire document. It states: Government objective: To enable people with learning disabilities to have as much choice as possible over their lives through advocacy and a person-centred approach to planning the services and support they need. (Valuing People, p44) Thus from the very beginning of this chapter the paper makes it clear that people with learning difficulties must have as much choice as possible and be helped by a person-centred approach to take control of their own lives. A second key promise eme rges soon afterwards: Services should respond to the wider aspirations of people with learning disabilities and give them more choice and control (Valuing People, 2001). This phrase reveals that people with learning disabilities are no longer thought of only in terms of those disabilities, but that their aspirations and personalities are taken into account also. The paper contends that social workers must seek to reverse the many problems halting direct support at the time: for instance, services were too lethargic, advocacy was limited, and people with learning difficulties had far too little say and involvement in the management of their own care. The paper suggests methods as to how these faults in the system might be changed. For instance: advocacy services must be extended considerably, more people must receive direct payments, and a person-centred approach must be developed by social workers and managers. Managers have the vital responsibility of personalizing people wi th learning disabilities and getting to know those difficulties intimately. Managers and organizations cannot help unless they take such an approach. Valuing People made several proposals to affect such reform: the Disability Rights Commission,  £1.3 million per annum to expand advocacy services, The Learning Disability Development Fund are all examples of proposals made in the white paper. Let us look at several of these methods of direct support in more detail. Disability Rights Commission: The role of the DRC is to assist people to guarantee their rights as secured by the Disability Discrimination Act (1995). The Commissions work involves getting disabled people into consultations about major policy initiatives that concern them; ensuring that decision-making material is available in user-friendly formats; and educating businesses and institutions about how to work with people with learning disabilities. Advocacy: Advocacy is absolutely crucial for successful tran sfer of responsibility and decision-making to people with learning disabilities themselves. Advocacy can be of two types: self-advocacy or advocacy through organizations. The government gives  £1.3 per year to further advocacy programmes. Direct Payments: Direct Payments are a further means of giving people with learning disabilities more control over their own lives. Direct Payments enable Local Councils to allow people to pay for support they are entitled to before that support has been given. This was extended by the Carers and Disabled Children Act (2000) which facilitated immediate payments to carers and to 16 and 17 year olds with learning difficulties. (The Health and Social Care Act (2001) widened the availability of Direct Payments still further.) Once these payments are received disabled people have far greater freedom to choose what type of support they require for themselves. The Implementation Support Team was set-up to improve application rates for this criti cal scheme. Person-Centred Planning: This initiative is intended, as its name suggests, to ensure that the planning of care for a person with learning disabilities is organized as much as possible by working with individuals themselves. The paper suggested that Learning Disability Partnership Boards begin to implement this approach throughout care management and practice as soon as possible. Care management: According to the white paper care management is the formal mechanism for linking individuals with public services (Valuing People, 2001). In other words, care management is the vital instrument of direct support. Therefore it must be responsive to person centred planning, and have the capacity to deliver the kinds of individualized services likely to emerge fro the process. Connexions Gateway was set-up to establish vocational plans, as well as health, housing and communication plans for people with learning disabilities. Fair Access to Care: Free Access to Care wa s aimed to establish the basis by which eligibility for social care for adults should be determined. In conclusion, Valuing People was a sea-change in the policy of the British government and its care agencies towards the care of those with learning difficulties. Its emphasis upon direct support through person-centred care and individuality gave people with learning difficulties rights and confidence to exercise those rights that they would never have previously thought possible. It empowered disabled people to help themselves. Managers and social workers too were seen as vital instruments for changing the prejudices and attitudes of the public, and creating awareness that people with learning disabilities are valuable members of the community.

Corn and Pellagra Essay - 3168 Words

Corn and Pellagra Corn is a food eaten throughout the world. It is easy to produce and cheap so that in the past it has composed a large part of the diet of the poor who could not afford other foods. The consumption of corn as ones main food source can cause health problems due to a deficiency of the B vitamin niacin that if not treated can lead to insanity and even death. This paper will attempt to present a brief history of pellagra, concentrating primarily on the twentieth century American south, and discussing the causes of the disease, its progression in the human body and treatment. The first documented description of pellagra was 1735 in Europe by a Spanish physician, Gaspar Casal. He wrote, â€Å"Since I never saw a more†¦show more content†¦These coenzymes are involved in oxidation-reduction reactions and are essential for metabolic processes in each cell in the body. A deficiency in niacin decreases the cellular function throughout the body. One symptom of niacin deficiency is diarrhea, which is one of the four D’s of pellagra-diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death (Rhoads 7). Pellagra is both easy and difficult to diagnose. Symptoms can vary throughout a population, but once the characteristic symmetrical lesions appear it is fairly easy to diagnose. In early stages it might be confused with sunburn or poison oak, but it is not until the skin begins to peel that the diagnosis can be certain (Etheridge 7). Pellagra adversely affects all systems of the body with the most striking involvement occurring in the skin, nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Patients are apathetic, anorexic, pale, and weak. The skin over exposed surfaces and pressure points becomes thickened, hyperkeratotic and hyperpigmented. This symmetric dermatosis is most apparent in areas exposed to the sun, which seems to trigger the lesions. 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Contract Analysis Lease Agreement free essay sample

I. What is the Consideration on both sides of this contract? Defined (in my own words), consideration is something of value that is given in exchange for getting something from another person. In my case, rent payments are paid to my landlord in exchange for the right to rent the house. II. Are there any conditions in the contract (precedent, subsequent, or concurrent)? Concurrent. There is a part in our lease that states that we receive a check back from our landlord, in the amount of $400. 00 every four months. This money we get back is compensation for the upkeep of the land surrounding the house. We take care of the yard clean-up, and the landlord refunds us three times a year. III. Is there a cancellation provision; and, if so, is it for one or both sides of the contract? Yes. There are two provisions in our lease contract that state (1) it allows the landlord to break the lease upon sale of the home. We will write a custom essay sample on Contract Analysis: Lease Agreement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We were asked if we were interested in â€Å"renting to own†, however we werent. Weve agreed, and put in the contract, that if our landlord finds someone whos interested in purchasing this home, she has the right to break the lease. On the other hand, we sign a brand new lease every year. If for any reason during the time period of that year, we cant make our payments for some reason, our landlord can evict us, and we are still responsible for every months rent after that until the year is up. IV. No, there arent any parts of this contract that I would consider unconscionable, illegal, or contrary to public policy. V. Is this contract required to be in writing under the Statute of Frauds? The Statute of Frauds requires certain contracts to be in writing (which my contract/lease is), and that its signed by all parties and those parties are bound by it. ) Our contract does not involve the sale or transfer of land. b) In my contract/lease, I’m not answering for the debt or duty of another. c) My contract/lease is signed every year. The Statute of Frauds states that its impossible for the performance to take place, or be completed in one year. My contract is. d) Also, my contract/lease doesnt call for the sale of certain goods under the UCC. VI. No, there arent any provisions of the contract/lease that I consider ambiguous, vague, or contradictory. VII. What are the provisions for default under the contract? A default would be if I failed to live up to the lease contract. Say if I was unable to pay the rent every month, then my landlord could take repossession of the house. VIII. What are the remedies available to each side? Along with my responsibilities to pay the rent, keep up the yard work, and other lessee duties, my landlord also has duties. The remedies available to me are that in circumstances where the safety of the home are an issue, my landlord needs to take care of that. My house needs to be structurally safe, rodent and insect free and so on. If my landlord neglected to take care of any of these issues or issues like this, then I would have the right to an abatement or a reduction in my rent. The remedy for a breach varies upon the state in which you live. In some jurisdictions you can reduce the amount of rent until the landlord fixes the problem. In other states, you must file a lawsuit and demand money damages. You may wish to consult with a landlord-tenant attorney or create a post in an online law forum to determine what the law is in the state where you live.

Business Reports Of Technical Writer - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Business Reports Of Technical Writer. Answer: Introduction ProTech is an organization that hires technical writers. It specializes in writing and communicating reports related to technical and occupational fields like computer hardware and software, engineering, chemistry, aeronautics, medical, robotics, biotechnology and finance. The organization hires skilled writers because technical writing is very complex. The complexity demands for a use of guidelines in this industry. Without the use of the guidelines, there are chances that the documents will not be of standard quality (Riordan, 2013). The report will provide details about the guidelines used by the organization for technical documents. Guidelines are important because the technical documents not only contain texts but a number of illustrations, diagrams, charts, visual aids are used. In order to make these visual representations adequate skills and knowledge is required. A standard structure and designs are required to be followed so that the documents are of the quality that the cl ients require. Moreover, a number of software is required so guidelines for application of the software are to be provided to the technical writers (Chia Round 2015). Discussion Planning the report Before drafting a report it is very important the exact structure of business reports are followed. This creates a need for planning the report before had. Planning will emphasize on the information that is to be provided in the report. Business reports are to the point and hence they are needed to be accurate and full of information. The writers will need to undertake a deep and detailed research so that the report has authentic data. A writer needs to plan which sources would be best for the given business report. A draft should be initially made before finally making the report (Riordan, 2013). Readability The report should consider the reader. The language and writing should be comprehensible to the reader. If the reader fails to understand the information provided then the report will not be of any use as its prime objective is to provide information about the given topic. The language should be as per the knowledge and ability of the writer to encode the information provided. On the other hand, the report should be very general or simple if the reader is an expert the topic. So, the writer should their reader and drafts the report accordingly. Similarly, technical jargons should be avoided if the reader is an amateur in the field (Chia Round 2015). Data collection Data collection is one of the most important aspects of preparation of reports. The sources that are used by the writers should be authentic then only the data will be authentic. The writers should use more journals, books and official websites for collection of data. If the writer has to draft a report about mission, vision and objectives of any particular company then companys official website should be the most appropriate source for data collection. Accuracy of data is an essential criteria of the business reports. Especially in case of financial data, calculations and figures accuracy needs to be maintained (Cardon, 2015). Essential and non-essential elements Generally, reports are written in various sections. The sections those are common to all the reports are Executive Summary Introduction Body/Discussion Conclusion Recommendations (Fisher et al., 2016). All most all the reports irrespective of the nature of the report can be divided into these five headings. The Executive summary of any report is an essential element of the report. In this section, the writer gives information about the entire report. In the introduction section a brief information is given about the subject including what will be discussed in other sections. In body a detailed discussion is done on the given topic. This section is divided into various sub sections depending upon the topic and the information required. The data collection done from the research is analyzed in this section. The conclusion section contains the summary of the findings. The last section is recommendation, it is not given in some reports but in reports were some issues are highlighted recommendations are required. One thing that distinguishes reports from the essays is that the writers should not include their personal opinions. They should provide data and facts (Chia Round 2015). Evaluation of information- The evaluation of the report is a written document that gives description of the findings and recommendations. In the section the information gathered from various sources are analyzed the results are put in this section. Evaluation is an important part of research reports (Fisher et al., 2016). Ordering information- Ordering information can be termed as putting all the information in the report in the right order. If proper order is not maintained for providing the information, the report will not be presentable. The readers might be confused and would not be able to extract the right information from the report. The readers would not understand the information hence provided (Jaggia et al., 2016). Formatting Formatting is an important aspect of the structure of the assignment. The proper format of the report contains header, headings, sub headings, font type and size. The pages should be numbered (Riordan, 2013). Tables and graphs All the necessary information is required to be put in tables and graphs. Research figures when put in tables makes the information presentable (Fisher et al., 2016). Referencing It is an important section of the report writing. In this section, the writer is required to put the references of the sources from where the information has been taken. Using the exact style of referencing is very important (Jaggia et al., 2016). Editing Proof reading the report is very important. Writers are required to edit their reports before presenting the finally copy. Generally its better if the proof reading and editing part is done by the experts. There are six steps in the writing process Choosing the topic Gathering Idea Organizing the ideas Drafting Reviewing the structure Editing and Proof reading (Cardon, 2015) Conclusion Business and technical reports are required to follow a standard. Reports are generally formal documents and therefore they are required to follow the protocols and set guidelines. So that accuracy and authenticity of information can be maintained. The report has provided the guidelines on the structure and contains of the report writing. Business reports are used for several official purposes, like the sales reporting, presentation of action plans and project proposals. The reports are therefore required to be authentic. References Cardon, P. (2015).Business communication: Developing leaders for a networked world. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Chia, A., Round, H. (2015). A Developmental Learning Framework for Business Report Writing: Guidance for Management Educators.Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy,45(7), 556-566. Fisher, J. P., Jansen, J. A., Johnson, P. C., Mikos, A. G. (2016). Guidelines for writing a research paper for publication.Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Accessed on, 18-10. Jaggia, S., Kelly, A., Beg, A. B. M., Leighton, C., Olaru, D., Salzman, S., Sriananthakumar, S. (2016).Essentials of business statistics: communicating with numbers. McGraw-Hill Education. Riordan, D. (2013).Technical report writing today. Cengage Learning